{"id":1950,"date":"2022-01-07T17:55:54","date_gmt":"2022-01-07T09:55:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edu.freezhao.com\/?p=1950"},"modified":"2022-05-27T21:51:30","modified_gmt":"2022-05-27T13:51:30","slug":"always-available-always-attached-a-relationalperspective-on-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edu.freezhao.com\/en\/original-course\/ials\/2022\/01\/always-available-always-attached-a-relationalperspective-on-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Always Available,Always Attached: A Relational Perspective on the Effects of Mobile Phones and Social Media on Subjective Well-Being"},"content":{"rendered":"<iframe id=\"spkj\" src=\"\/\/player.bilibili.com\/player.html?aid=380430011&amp;bvid=BV1FZ4y1S77z&amp;cid=479299628&amp;page=1\" scrolling=\"no\" border=\"0\" frameborder=\"no\" framespacing=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" width=\"100%\"> <\/iframe>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\">  \ndocument.getElementById(\"spkj\").style.height=document.getElementById(\"spkj\").scrollWidth*0.76+\"px\";\n<\/script>\n\n\n\n<p>The always-on, always-available nature of digital life means almost constant connection and availability between romantic partners, family members, and close friends. Being tethered to one another can give people a sense of security, while simultaneously causing more stress. In this article, we fifind that keeping a romantic partner constantly within a (digital) arm\u2019s reach promotes better well-being for oneself. In addition, keeping a romantic partner always available also predicted better well-being for the romantic partner. Further, the analysis did not show added stress for the partner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" type=\"1\"><li>Research Background<\/li><li>Theoretical Research<\/li><li>Experimental Method<\/li><li>Experimental procedure description<\/li><li>Results Study and Discussion<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Research Background<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>With the development of technology in the Internet , the Internet has deeply influenced all aspects of social life. Digital media are constantly changing the conditions of human interaction, and people are deepening their use of mobile Internet and relying on cell phone terminals. In intimate relationships, people are gradually moving from offline to online. From face-to-face communication as the main medium to communication through multimedia, how the use of mobile Internet is related to intimate relationships and their satisfaction, and what factors influence the creation and maintenance of such intimate relationships are of concern to society today.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Theoretical Research<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Media multiplexity is the totality of communication across a dyad\u2019s media ecosystem, and the construct can be described by several subdimensions. Number of media\u2014the sum of communication channels used within a dyad for communication. Multimedia frequency\u2014the total frequency of a dyad\u2019s communication across all media. And Multimedia disclosure\u2014the aggregated amount of intimate self-disclosure to a partner across all media.The perception of continuous and constant communication access to an attachment figure and the expectation they can provide security, regardless of location, time of day, or current activity, as connected availability\uff0cIt is the ability to easily achieve communication. To unpack dyadic connected availability, we turn to the Actor\u2013Partner Interdependence Model(APIM). APIM is a dyadic data analysis method that presents a way of modeling how a dependent variable, such as SWB, is affected by a person and their partner. APIM is comprised of actor effects and partner effects. An actor effect refers to the effect of a person\u2019s independent variable on their own dependent variable.A partner effect models how a person\u2019s independent variable is associated with their partner\u2019s reported dependent variable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Experimental Method<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This experiment use&nbsp;a method called experience sampling measures.It is a method of collecting instantaneous assessments of events people experience in their lives over a relatively short period of time multiple times and recording them. It uses repeated sampling to collect information that is susceptible to change over time and individual factors. Its most important feature is that it collects individual instantaneous responses at multiple points in time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Experimental Procedure Description<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>One hundred fourteen romantic couples in long-term relationships were recruited to participate in this study, Surveys arrived via text message for 7 consecutive days five times per day. Surveys arrived at random within five equal time windows. The dimensions of SWB, positive affect, negative affect, and life satisfaction, were measured on a 10- point scale. They are also asked about the amount of multimedia used, how often it is used, what is shared (disclosure), and whether it is easy to reach a partner through multimedia (accessibility). Connected availability was measured using three questions capturing the idea that the participant could connect with their partner at any moment in time, regardless of time or location, and their partner could answer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Results Study and Discussion<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;The H1 is Actor (a) number of media, (b) multimedia frequency, (c) multimedia disclosure, and (d)accessibility is positively associated with actor connected availability. H3: Actor (a) number of media, (b) multimedia frequency, (c) multimedia disclosure, and (d)accessibility is positively associated with their partner\u2019s connected availability.From number of media perspective, Lower availability without media connections compared to using multiple media, Supporting H1a. When a person reported communication on 1\u20133 media in the last hour, their partner reported greater connected availability, supporting H3a. From Multimedia communication perspective, when a person reported greater communication across media with their partner in the last hour, they felt a higher degree of connected availability throughout the day,supportinf H1b. Higher amounts of the multimedia frequency also predicted greater connected availability in their partner,supporting H3b. when a participant reported high accessibility from the media landscape, their connected availability that day was higher.,supporting H1d. Actor accessibility shared a positive association with connected availability, but there was no significant partner effect for accessibility, H3d&nbsp;can not be identified. While H1c and H3c showed in the test, Greater disclosure across all media predicted more negative affect that day, but it was not mediated through connected availability since multimedia disclosure was not associated with connected availability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>R1:Actor (a) number of media, (b) multimedia frequency,  (d)accessibility is positively associated with actor connected availability.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>R3: Actor (a) number of media, (b) multimedia frequency is positively associated with their partner\u2019s connected availability.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The H2 is Actor connected availability is (a) positively associated with actor positive affect, (b) negatively associated with actor negative affect, and (c) positively associated with actor life satisfaction.H4: Actor connected availability is (a) negatively associated with their partner\u2019s positive affect, (b) positively associated with their partner\u2019s negative affect, and (c) negatively associated with their partner\u2019s life satisfaction.H5 is Media multiplexity has an indirect effect on SWB through connected availability.From number of media perspective. when a person reported greater connected availability, they also reported high positive affect across a given day, supporting&nbsp;H2a.In contrast to H4a, when a participant (actor) reported more connected availability, their partner reported higher daily positive affect.TestingH5, indirect effects for multimedia frequency were as follows: (a) actor\u2013actor and (b) partner\u2013actor.These indirect effects indicate that life satisfaction is associated with multimedia frequency through both actor connected availability and partner connected availability. From Multimedia communication perspective\uff0cConsistent with H2b, actor connected availability had a negative association with negative affect. Life satisfaction was positively related to actor reports of connected availability,supporting H2c\uff0c Contrary to H4c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>R2: Actor connected availability is (a) positively associated with actor positive affect, (b) negatively associated with actor negative affect, and (c) positively associated with actor life satisfaction.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>R4:Connection availability did not predict any negative association between media multiplexity and subjective well-being. Rather than being harmful, connection availability predicted improvements in partners&#8217; subjective well-being on a given day.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>R5: Media multiplexity has an indirect effect on SWB through connected availability.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>We discuss the implications of these findings for communication theory and the debate around digital media and well-being. The quick, mundane text message exchange or phone call that occurs in a long-term relationship has a key relationship function. The always on, always available connection was associated with improved well-being, and keeping a romantic partner constantly connected was found to have reciprocal beneficial effects for the partner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u7ebf\uff0c\u6c38\u8fdc\u90fd\u6709\u966a\u4f34\uff1a\u4ece\u4eb2\u5bc6\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\u79fb\u52a8\u7535\u8bdd\u548c\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u5bf9\u4e3b\u89c2\u5e78\u798f\u611f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6570\u5b57\u5a92\u4f53\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u7ebf\u3001\u6c38\u8fdc\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f34\u4fa3\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u6210\u5458\u548c\u4eb2\u5bc6\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u4e4b\u95f4\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u4eba\u4e00\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u611f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u538b\u529b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f34\u4fa3\u59cb\u7ec8\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u5a92\u4f53\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u4f1a\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5e78\u798f\u611f\u3002\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f34\u4fa3\u603b\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u5230\uff0c\u4e5f\u9884\u793a\u7740\u4f34\u4fa3\u4f1a\u6709\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5e78\u798f\u611f\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6b64\u5206\u6790\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u4f34\u4fa3\u7684\u538b\u529b\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" type=\"1\"><li>\u7814\u7a76\u80cc\u666f <\/li><li>\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76<\/li><li>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/li><li>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9610\u8ff0<\/li><li>\u7ed3\u679c\u7814\u7a76\u53ca\u8ba8\u8bba<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 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class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5a92\u4f53\u591a\u5143\u5316\u7406\u8bba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7406\u89e3\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u6240\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u51e0\u4e4e\u6052\u5b9a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u4e24\u8005\u5173\u7cfb\u5a92\u4f53\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u6574\u4f53\uff0c\u7531\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b50\u7ef4\u5ea6\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u5373\u4e3a\u4e00\u5bf9\u4eb2\u5bc6\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u901a\u8baf\u6e20\u9053\u7684\u603b\u548c\uff1b\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u5373\u4e3a\u4e00\u5bf9\u4eb2\u5bc6\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u6c9f\u901a\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u9891\u7387\u3002\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u62ab\u9732\uff0c\u5373\u4e3a\u5728\u6240\u6709\u5a92\u4f53\u4e0a\u5bf9\u4f34\u4fa3\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u6211\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u7ecf\u5e38\u5728\u4e8b\u540e\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5a92\u4f53\u53ef\u4f9b\u6027\u662f\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u8f7b\u677e\u5b9e\u73b0\u901a\u8baf\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u800c\u6301\u7eed\u548c\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u5bf9\u4f34\u4fa3\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u7684\u671f\u671b\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u8fde\u63a5\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002\u8fde\u63a5\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u662f\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684,\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u884c\u52a8\u8005-\u4f34\u4fa3\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u8d56\u6a21\u578b\uff08APIM\uff09\uff0cAPMI\u7531\u884c\u52a8\u8005\u6548\u5e94\u548c\u4f34\u4fa3\u6548\u5e94\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u884c\u52a8\u8005\u6548\u5e94\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u53d8\u91cf\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u56e0\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1b\u4f34\u4fa3\u6548\u5e94\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u53d8\u91cf\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f34\u4fa3\u7684\u56e0\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 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src=\"https:\/\/edu.freezhao.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/always-availablealways-attached-a-relational-perspective-on-the-effects-of-mobile-phones-and-social-media-on-subjective-well-being.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2006\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edu.freezhao.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/always-availablealways-attached-a-relational-perspective-on-the-effects-of-mobile-phones-and-social-media-on-subjective-well-being.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/edu.freezhao.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/always-availablealways-attached-a-relational-perspective-on-the-effects-of-mobile-phones-and-social-media-on-subjective-well-being-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/edu.freezhao.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/always-availablealways-attached-a-relational-perspective-on-the-effects-of-mobile-phones-and-social-media-on-subjective-well-being-150x150.jpg 150w, 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class=\"wp-block-heading\">Comments<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u827a\u672f\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b66\u79d1\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u5927\u5b66\u540e\u5c31\u4e00\u76f4\u4ee5\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u522b\u8bf4\u662f\u8bba\u6587\u4e86\uff0c\u8fde\u4e66\u520a\u90fd\u770b\u7684\u5c11\u4e4b\u53c8\u5c11\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u76f4\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b9e\u8df5\u5927\u4e8e\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6211\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u624d\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u7684\u8bfb\u4e66\u80fd\u529b\u662f\u5728\u76f4\u7ebf\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\uff0c\u4e60\u60ef\u4e86\u770b\u56fe\u5f62\u548c\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u6211\u5f88\u96be\u518d\u50cf\u9ad8\u4e2d\u65f6\u5019\u4e00\u6837\u4e0d\u6d6e\u8e81\u8ba4\u771f\u7684\u770b\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u4f1a\u770b\u4e0d\u8fdb\u53bb\u6216\u8005\u8d70\u795e\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4f3c\u4e4e\u624d\u662f\u6211\u5927\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u8ba4\u8ba4\u771f\u771f\u94bb\u7814\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u5f53\u9759\u4e0b\u5fc3\u6765\u597d\u597d\u8bfb\u4e66\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f53\u4f1a\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7ad9\u5728\u5de8\u4eba\u7684\u80a9\u8180\u4e0a\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u76f4\u81ea\u95ed\u7740\u57cb\u5934\u82e6\u5e72\u6216\u8bb8\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u6211\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5c1d\u8bd5\u9605\u8bfb\u5168\u82f1\u6587\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u5730\u65b9\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u4e2d\u6587\u53cd\u800c\u770b\u4e0d\u61c2\u4e86\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u82f1\u6587\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u6574\u7247\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u603b\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\u8fc7\u7684\u5f88\u6109\u5feb\uff0c\u4ece\u770b\u4e0d\u8fdb\u53bb\u5230\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u662f\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u559c\u7684\uff01\u6216\u8bb8\u6211\u4ee5\u540e\u8fd8\u8981\u8bfb\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u8bba\u6587\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ec5\u4ec5\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e0c\u671b\u4ee5\u540e\u9605\u8bfb\u8fd9\u7c7b\u8bba\u6587\u53ef\u4ee5\u969c\u788d\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c11\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u987a\u5229\u3002\u8001\u5e08\u611f\u89c9\u975e\u5e38\u5e7d\u9ed8\u6709\u8da3\uff0c\u80fd\u5c06\u5f88\u67af\u71e5\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u8bb2\u7684\u6829\u6829\u5982\u751f\uff0c\u6211\u6bcf\u6b21\u65e9\u4e0a8\u70b9\u90fd\u662f\u5f88\u56f0\u7684\uff0c\u4e0a\u5b8c\u8bfe\u53cd\u800c\u90fd\u4e0d\u56f0\u4e86\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e0c\u671b\u4eca\u540e\u4e5f\u80fd\u548c\u8001\u5e08\u591a\u591a\u8ba8\u8bba\u5b66\u672f\u95ee\u9898\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u539f\u6587<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Taylor, S. H., &amp; Bazarova, N. N. (2021). Always Available, Always Attached: A Relational Perspective on the Effects of Mobile Phones and Social Media on Subjective Well-Being.&nbsp;<em>Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>26<\/em>(4), 187\u2013206.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The always-on, always-available nature of digital life  [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":1953,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[464,44],"tags":[211,212,209,210,213,291,286,294,293,289],"class_list":["post-1950","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-original-course","category-ials","tag-interpersonal","tag-intimacy","tag-mobile-phones","tag-multimodality","tag-relationship","tag-qin-mi-de","tag-ren-ji-guan-xi","tag-guan-xi","tag-duo-feng-xing","tag-shou-ji"],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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