{"id":983,"date":"2022-01-07T15:42:39","date_gmt":"2022-01-07T07:42:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edu.freezhao.com\/?p=983"},"modified":"2022-05-27T21:51:30","modified_gmt":"2022-05-27T13:51:30","slug":"a-source-like-any-other-field-and-survey-experiment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edu.freezhao.com\/en\/original-course\/ials\/2022\/01\/a-source-like-any-other-field-and-survey-experiment\/","title":{"rendered":"A Source Like Any Other? Field and Survey Experiment Evidence on How Interest Groups Shape Public Opinion"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<iframe id=\"spkj\" src=\"\/\/player.bilibili.com\/player.html?aid=850403403&amp;bvid=BV16L4y1t735&amp;cid=479205280&amp;page=1\" scrolling=\"no\" border=\"0\" frameborder=\"no\" framespacing=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" width=\"100%\"> <\/iframe>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\">  \ndocument.getElementById(\"spkj\").style.height=document.getElementById(\"spkj\").scrollWidth*0.76+\"px\";\n<\/script>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u300a\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6765\u6e90\u4e00\u6837\uff1f\u5173\u4e8e\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\u5982\u4f55\u5851\u9020\u516c\u4f17\u610f\u89c1\u7684\u5b9e\u5730\u548c\u8c03\u67e5\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u300b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Andreas Jungherr: Institute of Communication Studies,Friedrich Schiller University Jena<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Alexander Wuttke\uff1a Department of Political Science, University of Mannheim <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Matthias Mader\uff1a Department of Political Science, University of Mannheim <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Harald Schoen: Department of Politics and Public Administration, University of Konstanz<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u51fa\u7248\u6742\u5fd7<\/strong>\uff1a\u300aJournal of Communication\u300b\u7b2c71\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c2\u671f\uff0c2021\u5e744\u6708\uff0c\u7b2c276-304\u9875<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u51fa\u7248\u65e5\u671f<\/strong>\uff1a2021-04-25<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>  \u300a\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6765\u6e90\u4e00\u6837\uff1f\u5173\u4e8e\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\u5982\u4f55\u5851\u9020\u516c\u4f17\u610f\u89c1\u7684\u5b9e\u5730\u548c\u8c03\u67e5\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u300b 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class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.\u7814\u7a76\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8be5\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u4e00\u5171\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e09\u6b21\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e09\u6b21\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u5047\u8bbe1\u3001\u5047\u8bbe2\u548c\u5047\u8bbe3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4e09\u6b21\u7814\u7a76\u5f53\u4e2d\u5206\u522b\u8fd0\u7528\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2460\u7814\u7a761\uff08\u5047\u8bbe1\uff09\uff1a\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u5b9e\u5730\u548c\u8c03\u67e5\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2461\u7814\u7a762\uff08\u5047\u8bbe2a-2c\uff09\uff1a\u8bbf\u8c08<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2462\u7814\u7a763\uff08\u5047\u8bbe3\uff09\uff1a\u8c03\u67e5\u5b9e\u9a8c  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7814\u7a761\uff08\u5047\u8bbe1\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u76ee\u7684\uff1a\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u7ade\u4e89\u548c\u5608\u6742\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u76f8\u5bf9\u4f4e\u8c03\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u5e72\u9884\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u2460\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e86\u516c\u4f17\u5bf9TTIP\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff1b\u2461\u4eba\u53e3\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u7279\u5f81\uff1b\u2462\u4ee5\u53ca\u9884\u8ba1\u4f1a\u8c03\u8282\u8ba1\u5212\u5904\u7406\u6548\u679c\u7684\u503e\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\uff1a\u5fb7\u56fd\u5546\u4e1a\u56e2\u4f53Arbeitgeberverband Gesamtmetall\uff08\u5fb7\u56fd\u91d1\u5c5e\u548c\u7535\u6c14\u5de5\u7a0b\u884c\u4e1a\u96c7\u4e3b\u534f\u4f1a\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a\u8be5\u5b9e\u9a8c\u57282016\u5e744\u670821\u65e5\u81f36\u670822\u65e5\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5206\u4e09\u6ce2\u8fdb\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a\u5fb7\u56fd\u5927\u578b\u5728\u7ebf\u5c0f\u7ec4Payback\u7684\u6210\u5458<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u6b21\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u914d\u989d\u5236\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u53d7\u8bbf\u8005\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u5728\u7ebf\u4eba\u53e3\u4e2d\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8fbe\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u5c31\u963b\u6b62\u5176\u8fdb\u5165\u8c03\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b9e\u5730\u548c\u8c03\u67e5\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u5904\u7406\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u8865\u5145\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u5bf9\u53d7\u8bbf\u8005\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4eec\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u666e\u901a\u6700\u5c0f\u4e8c\u4e58\u6cd5\uff08OLS\uff09\u56de\u5f52\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u5e72\u9884\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e09\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7ec4\u8c03\u67e5\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u6ce2\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4eec\u5c06\u4e09\u4e2a\u56e0\u53d8\u91cf\uff08TTIP SALIENCE\u3001TTIP ATTITUDE\u548cNUMBER OF PRO-TPIP ARGUMENTS\uff09\u56de\u5f52\u5230\u8868\u660e\u53d7\u8bbf\u8005\u5904\u7406\u5206\u914d\u7684\u865a\u62df\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4eec\u8fd8\u5bf9\u56e0\u53d8\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u524d\u6d4b\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> <strong>\u7814\u7a762\uff08\u5047\u8bbe2a-2c\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u76ee\u7684\uff1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bc4\u4f30\u653f\u6cbb\u884c\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u516c\u5171\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u4ee5\u8861\u91cf\u5176\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u6001\u5ea6\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u5927\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u8be2\u95ee\u4e86\u8c03\u67e5\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5728\u5c31\u73af\u5883\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u6d41\u65f6\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e2a\u56e2\u4f53\u6216\u653f\u515a\u7684\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u5982\u4f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\u53ca\u653f\u515a\uff1a\u4e00\u5171\u5bf910\u4e2a\u73af\u4fdd\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff08\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u6ce8\u518c\uff09\u548c6\u4e2a\u653f\u515a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8c03\u67e5\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8c03\u67e5\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a\u57282020\u5e743\u670831\u65e5\u81f34\u67086\u65e5\u671f\u95f4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8c03\u67e5\u5bf9\u8c61\u4ee5\u53ca\u6837\u672c\u603b\u91cf\uff1a\u5fb7\u56fd\u5728\u7ebf\u5c0f\u7ec4Respondi\u7684700\u540d\u6210\u5458<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> \u5728\u8fd9\u6b21\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u914d\u989d\u5236\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u5177\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u4eba\u53e3\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u53d7\u8bbf\u8005\u6240\u5360\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8fbe\u5230\u4e0e\u76ee\u6807\u4eba\u53e3\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u5c31\u963b\u6b62\u5176\u53c2\u4e0e\u8c03\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u5206\u6790\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u8861\u91cf\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u6001\u5ea6\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4eec\u628a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u73af\u5883\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u7684\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56e0\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5bf9\u53d7\u8bbf\u8005\u7684\u653f\u515a\u8ba4\u540c\uff08\u7528\u516d\u4e2a\u53cc\u5411\u53d8\u91cf\u8861\u91cf\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u56de\u5f52\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> <strong>\u7814\u7a763\uff08\u5047\u8bbe3\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u76ee\u7684\uff1a\u5bf9\u6bd4\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u8bc4\u4f30\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6765\u81ea\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u884c\u4e3a\u4f53&#8211;\u5373\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u548c\u8f83\u4f4e\u516c\u4f17\u5f62\u8c61\u7684\u653f\u515a\u548c\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2&#8211;\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u5e72\u9884\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u5927\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u4f5c\u8005\u4eec\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u4e00\u9879\u73af\u5883\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u8be5\u73af\u5883\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u51cf\u5c11\u56e0\u5efa\u7b51\u4e2d\u4f4e\u6548\u7684\u70ed\u9694\u79bb\u800c\u9020\u6210\u7684\u80fd\u6e90\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a\u9ad8\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u56e2\u4f53&#8211;\u7eff\u8272\u548c\u5e73\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff1b\u4f4e\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u56e2\u4f53&#8211;\u5fb7\u56fd\u81ea\u7136\u4fdd\u62a4\u534f\u4f1a\uff1b\u653f\u515a\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u5fb7\u56fd\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\uff08CDU\/CSU\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8c03\u67e5\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e744\u670828\u65e5\u81f35\u670813\u65e5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8c03\u67e5\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a\u5fb7\u56fd\u5728\u7ebf\u8c03\u67e5\u5c0f\u7ec4\u7684\u6210\u5458<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u8bc4\u4f30\u5bf9\u529d\u8bf4\u6548\u679c\u7684\u8c03\u8282\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u6765\u6e90\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4eec\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e86\u5f53\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u88ab\u5f52\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u653f\u515a\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u9009\u5b9a\u6765\u6e90\u7684\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u6709\u79ef\u6781\u548c\u6d88\u6781\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7684\u4e9a\u7ec4\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u6c34\u5e73\u662f\u5426\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong> \u7ed3\u679c1[\u7814\u7a761\uff08\u5047\u8bbe1\uff09]\uff1a<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u5bf9\u5047\u8bbe1\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\u5e72\u9884\u5bf9\u516c\u4f17\u8206\u8bba\u662f\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5355\u4e00\u5e72\u9884\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\u4ee5\u4fe1\u606f\u51fd\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f71\u54cd\u8206\u8bba\u7684\u6548\u679c\u662f\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u80fd\u591f\u521d\u6b65\u4e86\u89e3\u63a5\u53d7\u8005\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u6e90\u7684\u5148\u524d\u6001\u5ea6\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u8c03\u8282\u5177\u6709\u4f4e\u516c\u4f17\u5f62\u8c61\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u8bf4\u670d\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u91cd\u65b0\u4f30\u8ba1\u4e86\u524d\u9762\u6240\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u6cbb\u7597\u5047\u6570\u548c\u53d7\u8bbf\u8005\u5148\u524d\u5bf9\u53d1\u4ef6\u4eba\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0e\u4f5c\u8005\u4eec\u5173\u4e8e\u516c\u4f17\u5173\u6ce8\u5ea6\u4f4e\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u6765\u652f\u6301\u8be5\u8bba\u70b9\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\u3002\u5373\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u516c\u4f17\u5f62\u8c61\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u800c\u4f5c\u8005\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0d\u540c\u53d1\u9001\u8005\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5c06\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong> \u7ed3\u679c2[\u7814\u7a762\uff08\u5047\u8bbe <strong>2a-2c<\/strong> \uff09]\uff1a<\/strong> 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class=\"wp-block-heading\">7.\u5173\u4e8e\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u672a\u6765\u5c55\u671b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f5c\u8005\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5c55\u671b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2460\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5e94\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u63a2\u8ba8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u63a2\u7d22\u8bba\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u4eec\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u95ee\u9898\u9886\u57df\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6027\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2461\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u91cd\u590d\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u7d2f\u79ef\u6548\u5e94\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u56fe\uff08infographic)<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\" src=\"https:\/\/edu.freezhao.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/a-source-like-any-other-field-and-survey-experiment-evidence-on-how-interest-groups-shape-public-opinion-1920x1920.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1937\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edu.freezhao.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/a-source-like-any-other-field-and-survey-experiment-evidence-on-how-interest-groups-shape-public-opinion.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/edu.freezhao.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/a-source-like-any-other-field-and-survey-experiment-evidence-on-how-interest-groups-shape-public-opinion-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/edu.freezhao.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/a-source-like-any-other-field-and-survey-experiment-evidence-on-how-interest-groups-shape-public-opinion-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/edu.freezhao.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/a-source-like-any-other-field-and-survey-experiment-evidence-on-how-interest-groups-shape-public-opinion-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/edu.freezhao.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/a-source-like-any-other-field-and-survey-experiment-evidence-on-how-interest-groups-shape-public-opinion-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/edu.freezhao.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/a-source-like-any-other-field-and-survey-experiment-evidence-on-how-interest-groups-shape-public-opinion-1870x1870.jpg 1870w, https:\/\/edu.freezhao.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/a-source-like-any-other-field-and-survey-experiment-evidence-on-how-interest-groups-shape-public-opinion-400x400.jpg 400w, https:\/\/edu.freezhao.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/a-source-like-any-other-field-and-survey-experiment-evidence-on-how-interest-groups-shape-public-opinion-800x800.jpg 800w, https:\/\/edu.freezhao.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/a-source-like-any-other-field-and-survey-experiment-evidence-on-how-interest-groups-shape-public-opinion-1320x1320.jpg 1320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.\u611f\u60f3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u56db\u5468\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u6211\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u4e5f\u7b97\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u4e0a\u8bfe\u98ce\u683c\u4e5f\u5f88\u6709\u8da3\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u4ece\u8001\u5e08\u90a3\u91cc\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u57f9\u517b\u4e86\u601d\u8003\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u57f9\u517b\u4e86\u81ea\u6211\u5b66\u4e60\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u600e\u4e48\u6d89\u8db3\u7684\u9886\u57df\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u6d88\u5316\u548c\u5438\u6536\u662f\u6211\u8fd9\u56db\u5468\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u5c31\u662f\u63d0\u70bc\u548c\u5f52\u7eb3\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6211\u8fd9\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u8fd8\u505a\u5f97\u4e0d\u591f\u597d\uff0c\u5728\u672a\u6765\u8fd8\u6709\u633a\u957f\u7684\u8def\u8981\u8d70\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u56db\u5468\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8fc7\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u5145\u5b9e\uff0c\u611f\u89c9\u81ea\u5df1\u53c8\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u81ea\u5df1\u4ee5\u540e\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u7ee7\u7eed\u4ee5\u8ba4\u771f\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u53bb\u9605\u8bfb\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u65b0\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jungherr, A., Wuttke, A., Mader, M., &amp; Schoen, H. (2021). A Source Like Any Other? Field and Survey Experiment Evidence on How Interest Groups Shape Public Opinion.\u00a0<em>Journal of Communication<\/em>,\u00a0<em>71<\/em>(2), 276-304.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u300a\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6765\u6e90\u4e00\u6837\uff1f\u5173\u4e8e\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\u5982\u4f55\u5851\u9020\u516c\u4f17\u610f\u89c1\u7684\u5b9e\u5730\u548c\u8c03\u67e5\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u300b \u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb Andreas Jungher [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":1947,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[464,44],"tags":[379,378,90,380,381,382,372,373,374,375,376,377],"class_list":["post-983","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-original-course","category-ials","tag-field-experiments","tag-interest-groups","tag-persuasion","tag-political-communication","tag-source-credibility","tag-survey-experiment","tag-li-yi-ji-tuan","tag-shi-di-shi-yan","tag-zheng-zhi-chuan-bo","tag-lai-yuan-ke-xin-du","tag-shuo-fu-li-lun","tag-diao-cha-shi-yan"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>A Source Like Any Other? 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Field and Survey Experiment Evidence on How Interest Groups Shape Public Opinion - FREEZhao Education\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u300a\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6765\u6e90\u4e00\u6837\uff1f\u5173\u4e8e\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\u5982\u4f55\u5851\u9020\u516c\u4f17\u610f\u89c1\u7684\u5b9e\u5730\u548c\u8c03\u67e5\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u300b \u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb Andreas Jungher [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/edu.freezhao.com\/en\/original-course\/ials\/2022\/01\/a-source-like-any-other-field-and-survey-experiment\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"FREEZhao Education\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-01-07T07:42:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-05-27T13:51:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/cdnedu.freezhao.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/a-source-like-any-other-field-and-survey-experiment-evidence-on-how-interest-groups-shape-public-opinion-2.jpg?x-oss-process=image\/interlace,1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u80e1\u5143\u5a67\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u80e1\u5143\u5a67\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/edu.freezhao.com\/original-course\/ials\/2022\/01\/a-source-like-any-other-field-and-survey-experiment\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/edu.freezhao.com\/original-course\/ials\/2022\/01\/a-source-like-any-other-field-and-survey-experiment\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u80e1\u5143\u5a67\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/edu.freezhao.com\/#\/schema\/person\/999171387fded191e16e453d447e9ac4\"},\"headline\":\"A Source Like Any Other? 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